MDIA 111 - Introduction to Mass Communication- Linde: Fake News

1. Satire or parody ("no intention to cause harm but has potential to fool")
2. False connection ("when headlines, visuals or captions don't support the content")
3. Misleading content ("misleading use of information to frame an issue or an individual")
4. False context ("when genuine content is shared with false contextual information")
5. Impostor content ("when genuine sources are impersonated" with false, made-up sources)
6. Manipulated content ("when genuine information or imagery is manipulated to deceive", as with a "doctored" photo)
7. Fabricated content ("new content is 100% false, designed to deceive and do harm")

Adapted from Claire Wardle, First Draft News